C’est / Ce sont / Il y a
Ce – It / This /These
Est – is
C’est – It is/It’s/This is
Ce sont – These are
C’est un – It’s a- Pronounced as “Set ahn”
C’est une – It’s a (when the thing is feminine) – Pronounced as “Set une”
Ce sont – These are (when the thing is masculine or feminine plural)-Pronounced as “Say son”
Usage
C’est un livre.- It is a book
Ce sont des livres – These are books
C’est un garçon. – Its a boy
Ce sont des garçons – These are boys
C’est une voiture.- It’s a car
Ce sont des voitures – These are cars
C’est un enfant.- Its a child
Ce sont des enfants. – These are children
C’est une pomme. -Its an apple
Ce sont des pommes. – These are apples
C’est une fleur. – Its a flower
Ce sont des fleurs. – These are flowers
Qu’est-ce que c’est? – What is this? Or What are these?
Pronounced as “Kes kuh say”
To answer this question you will use the above answer forms.
Qu’est-ce que c’est?- What is this? Or What are these?
Book – C’est un livre. – It is a book.
Books – Ce sont des livres – These are books
Bird – C’est un oiseau – It’s a bird
Birds – Ce sont des oiseaux – These are birds
Qui est-ce? – Who is this? Who are they?
Pronounced as “Ki-es”
Qui est-ce? – C’est un médecin.
Who is this? – It’s a doctor.
Qui est-ce? – C’est Napoléon Bonaparte.
Who is this? – It’s Napoléon Bonaparte.
Note: There will be no article with a proper noun.
Qui est-ce? – C’est Mahatma Gandhi
Who is this? – It’s Mahatma Gandhi.
Qui est-ce? – Ce sont des enfants.
Who are these? – They are children.
Il y a – There is /There are
Il y a cinq étudiantes dans la classe. – There are five students in the class.
Il y a une fleur dans la vase. – There is a flower in the vase.
Il y a un garçon dans la salle. – There is a boy in the room.
Il y a quatre membres dans ma famille.- There are four members in my family
Il y a sept jours dans une semaine. There are seven days in a week.
Il y a des biscuits dans la boîte.- There are biscuits in the box
dans=in
Est-ce qu’il y a ________? – Is there ______? Are there ______?
Pronounced as “Es kil ya”
The above statements are used as an answer to the Est-ce qu’il y a type of questions as below:
Est-ce qu’il y a des étudiantes dans la classe? – Are there students in the class?
Il y a cinq étudiantes dans la classe. – There are five students in the class.
Est-ce qu’il y a des fleurs dans la vase? – Are there flowers in the vase
Il y a une fleur dans la vase. – There is a flower in the vase..
Similarly you can try to make questions for these statements:
Il y a un garçon dans la salle.
Il y a quatre membres dans ma famille.
Il y a sept jours dans une semaine.
Il y a des biscuits dans la boîte.
Napoleon’s March: From Corsica to the Coronation
Napoleon Bonaparte, commonly known as Napoleon, was one of the most influential and enigmatic figures in world history. Born on the island of Corsica in 1769, he rose to prominence as a military genius and political leader during the tumultuous times of the French Revolution. His meteoric ascent from a young artillery officer to the Emperor of the French left a persisting mark on Europe and shaped the course of history.
Napoleon displayed exceptional strategic and tactical abilities, leading his armies to numerous victories on the battlefields of Europe. His famous campaigns and battles, such as Austerlitz, Jena-Auerstedt, and Marengo, showcased his brilliance as a military commander. His innovative use of artillery, coupled with swift maneuvers and well-coordinated troop movements, earned him the reputation of a master tactician.
Despite his many accomplishments, Napoleon’s insatiable ambition led him to attempt the conquest of Europe. His aggressive expansionist policies and unwavering desire for dominance drew the ire of neighboring countries and coalitions formed against him. Eventually, his military conquests began to falter, leading to a series of defeats, most notably the disastrous invasion of Russia in 1812.
In 1814, Napoleon was forced to abdicate the throne after the coalition invaded France and captured Paris. He was exiled to the island of Elba from where he managed to escape and return to France in what became known as the Hundred Days. This brief period of his return to power saw him fight his last battle at Waterloo, where he suffered a decisive defeat at the hands of the British and Prussian forces. Napoleon was once again exiled, this time to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic, where he spent the remainder of his life in isolation until his death in 1821.
Napoleon’s complex character and actions have sparked a multitude of interpretations and debates among historians and scholars. Some view him as a visionary leader and a progressive reformer, while others criticize him as a power-hungry dictator. Regardless of these differing perspectives, there is no denying that Napoleon’s impact on the world was immense, shaping the political landscape of Europe and leaving an enduring legacy that continues to be studied and discussed to this day.
